When we write X++ code in Dynamics 365 Finance and Operations (D365FO), sometimes errors happen — maybe data is missing, division by zero, or a record doesn’t exist.
Exception handling helps us catch those errors so our program doesn’t crash and we can show a proper message to the user instead.
Simple Example in Real D365FO Scenario
Scenario:
You are creating a sales order posting process in D365FO.
When the user clicks on Post, your X++ code checks if the customer record exists or not.
If the customer is missing, instead of stopping the process with a system error, you can handle the exception and show a friendly message.
Example Code:
static void Demo_ExceptionHandling_EmpEmployee(Args _args)
{
EmpEmployee emp;
boolean created = false;
str empId = "E1001"; // change as needed
str empName = "Munna Kumar"; // change as needed
try
{
ttsbegin;
// check if an employee with same EmployeeId already exists
select forupdate emp
where emp.EmployeeId == empId;
if (emp) // record found -> avoid duplicate insert
{
// throw a readable error which will be caught below
throw error(strFmt("Employee with ID '%1' already exists.", empId));
}
// prepare new record
emp.EmployeeId = empId;
emp.Name = empName;
// insert can raise runtime exceptions (constraints, DB issues)
emp.insert();
// everything OK -> commit
ttscommit;
created = true;
}
catch (Exception::Deadlock) // handle transient DB deadlocks separately
{
ttsabort;
error("Database deadlock occurred. Please retry the operation.");
// Optionally, implement retry logic here (with backoff) if needed.
}
catch (Exception::Error) // general runtime errors (includes 'throw error(...)')
{
ttsabort;
error("Operation failed — transaction rolled back.");
// For production, log details to a custom log table or telemetry.
}
if (created)
{
info(strFmt("Employee created: %1 (%2)", emp.EmployeeId, emp.Name));
}
}
Real-Life D365FO Example Explanation:
Imagine you are working as an accountant in a company using D365FO.
You open the Sales Order form, select an order, and click Post Invoice.
Suddenly, the system finds that the customer linked to that sales order was deleted or inactive.
Without exception handling, the system would throw a technical error and stop your posting.
But with exception handling:
The system shows a message:
“Unable to find customer details for this sales order. Please verify customer setup.”
and keeps running normally.
This makes your D365FO experience smoother and more user-friendly.
Another Example – Vendor Invoice Posting
When posting a Vendor Invoice, if the vendor bank account is not defined, you can handle it:
try
{
VendTable vendTable = VendTable::find("V0001");
if (!vendTable.BankAccount)
throw error("Vendor bank account is missing. Please update before posting.");
info("Vendor invoice posted successfully!");
}
catch (Exception::Error)
{
error("Error while posting vendor invoice. Contact your system administrator.");
}
Why Exception Handling is Important in D365FO
-
Avoids crashing your batch jobs or posting processes.
-
Shows meaningful messages to users instead of technical errors.
-
Keeps financial transactions consistent.
-
Helps developers debug issues easily.